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Achieving actually full disk encryption of UEFI ESP at rest with TCG OPAL, FIPS, LUKS

Achieving full disk encryption using FIPS, TCG OPAL and LUKS to encrypt UEFI ESP on bare-metal and in VMs Many security standards such as CIS and STIG require to protect information at rest. For example, NIST SP 800-53r5 SC-28 advocate to use cryptographic protection, offline storage and TPMs to enhance protection of information confidentiality and/or integrity. Traditionally to satisfy such controls on portable devices such as laptops one would utilize software based Full Disk Encryption - Mac OS X FileVault , Windows Bitlocker , Linux cryptsetup LUKS2 . In cases when FIPS cryptography is required, additional burden would be placed onto these systems to operate their kernels in FIPS mode. Trusted Computing Group  works on establishing many industry standards and specifications, which are widely adopted to improve safety and security of computing whilst keeping it easy to use. One of their most famous specifications them is TCG  TPM 2.0 (Trusted Platform Module). TPMs are now...